Amino Acids and their Genetic Codes
The table below displays the 20 main amino acids together with their canonical genetic codes, isoelectric points, molecular weights and other information.
Shown are the so-called standard codons, for organism or organelle specific codon usage and distribution see the Codon Usage Database at the Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan.
While information about amino acids on the WWW is vast, this site and its layout is aimed at facilitating a print-out of the standard amino acids in a tabular form, whereby this text should not appear.
A comprehensive introduction to amino acid chemistry, peptides and proteins is for example provided by William Reusch of the Michigian State University and can be found e.g. at Proteins, Peptides & Amino Acids.
A German version of this page can be found at Aminosäuren und ihr genetischer Code.
| Name | One Letter Code | Three Letter Code | Chemical Formula | Molecular Weight (Da) | Density (g × cm-3) | IEP (Isoelectric Point) (pH) | Average Frequency of Appearance in Proteins (%) | Solubility (g/l H2O, 20° C) | Genetic Codons | Chemical Classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycine | G | Gly |  | 75.07 | 1.60 | 5.97 | 7.5 | 225 | GGA GGC GGG GGU | non-polar side-chains neutral |
| L-Alanine | A | Ala |  | 89.09 | 1.424 | 6.00 | 9.0 | 160 | GCA GCC GCG GCU | |
| L-Valine | V | Val |  | 117.14 | 1.23 | 5.96 | 6.9 | 56.1 | GUA GUC GUG GUU | |
| L-Leucine | L | Leu |  | 131.17 | 1.29 | 5.98 | 7.5 | 22.4 | UUA UUG CUA CUC CUG CUU | |
| L-Isoleucine | I | Ile |  | 131.17 | 1.04 | 5.94 | 4.6 | 32.1 | AUA AUC AUU | |
| L-Methionine | M | Met |  | 149.21 | 1.34 | 5.74 | 1.7 | 53.7 | AUG | |
| L-Proline | P | Pro |  | 115.13 | 1.36 | 6.30 | 4.6 | 1550 | CCA CCC CCG CCU | |
| L-Phenylalanine | F | Phe |  | 165.19 | 1.20 | 5.48 | 3.5 | 25.1 | UUC UUU | |
| L-Tryptophan | W | Trp |  | 204.22 | 1.36 | 5.89 | 1.1 | 10.6 | UGG | |
| L-Serine | S | Ser |  | 105.9 | 1.42 | 5.68 | 7.1 | 360 | AGC AGU UCA UCC UCG UCU | polar side-chains neutral |
| L-Threonine | T | Thr |  | 119.12 | 1.31 | 5.64 | 6.0 | 90.3 | ACA ACC ACG ACU | |
| L-Asparagine | N | Asn |  | 132.12 | 1.40 | 5.41 | 4.4 | 20 | GAC GAU | |
| L-Glutamine | Q | Gln |  | 146.15 | 1.32 | 5.65 | 3.9 | 34.9 | CAA CAG | |
| L-Tyrosine | Y | Tyr |  | 181.19 | 1.46 | 5.66 | 3.5 | 0.4 | UAC UAU | |
| L-Cysteine | C | Cys |  | 121.16 | 1.33 | 5.02 | 2.8 | 160 | UGC UGU | |
| L-Lysine | K | Lys |  | 146.2 | 1.13 | 9.59 | 7.0 | ~2000 | AAA AAG | polar side-chains basic |
| L-Arginine | R | Arg |  | 174.21 | 0.70 | 11.15 | 4.7 | 149 | AGA AGG CGA CGC CGG CGU | |
| L-Histidine | H | His |  | 155.16 | 1.42 | 7.47 | 2.1 | 38.2 | CAC CAU | |
| L-Aspartic acid | D | Asp |  | 133.1 | 1.51 | 2.77 | 5.5 | 4.3 | GAC GAU | polar side-chains acidic |
| L-Glutamic acid | E | Glu |  | 147.12 | 1.41 | 3.22 | 6.2 | 7.5 | GAA GAG |
url: http://www.genstrom.net/public/biology/common/aminoacids.html
